Finishing planiform textile fabrics



June 28, 1938. H. IKRANTZ ET AL. I I 2,

FINISHING PLANIFORM TEXTILE FABRICS Filed Feb. 26, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 28, 1938. H. KRANTZ ET AL V 4 ,1

- FINYISHING PLAN-IFORM TEXTILEFABRICS Y I Filed Feb. 26, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 2a, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT orrica 2.12am FINISHING .rmmoam 'rsxmn FABRICS Hubert Krantz, Aloys Simone, and Heinrich Buysch, Aachen, Germany, assignors to firm H. Krantz Stihne, Aachen, Germany In Germany March 6, 1935 Application February 26, 1936, Serial No. 65,820

15 Claim.

fabrics, undergo extensive changes in their di-' mensions on the way from the rough to the finishcd condition. When the piecesmstly in a 1 wet or damp state-are passing to finishing 'machines adapted to act on the dimensions of the pieces, the setting of the machine by the operator, in such a way as to produce, even only approximately, the desired finished dimensions, 5 is more or less a matter of luck. At the same time, the attainment of definite finished dimensions is often of the greatest importance, whether the object is to produce an unshrinkable planiform textile fabric, or whether definite dimeno sions are specified in vievg of the patterns employed in the production of articles of clothing, or again, because in the case of knitted fabrics of prescribed width, a certain total length of the piece is essential, on account of the desired 5 finished dimensions of the meshes. The maintenance of a prescribed weight per unit of surface of the finished fabric also renders the attainmentwf predetermined final dimensions obligatory. :0 Hitherto, the correct setting of the treating machinery has encountered unsurmountable difiiculties in the case of fabrics that are specially sensitive to tension stresses, such as knitted goods, crepe fabrics and the like, which undergo 5 variations in their dimensions, even during their Y introduction into the machines. Machines of this kind are, for example, tentering and drying machines. In such a machine the desired final width of the fabric web'can be attained by a 0 corresponding adjustment of the tenter width of the machine. For influencing the length of the web, it is customary to provide the machine through which the web is, for instance, moved by means of endless pin chains, with a con- 15 trollable feeding device. According to the speed of the feeding device relative to the speed of the conveying chains, it is possible to supply to the length unit of the conveying chains a greater or shorter length of fabric by the feed- 50 ing device. If, for example, the feeding device works at a speed which is 5 per cent lower or 5 per cent higher than that of the conveying chains, each length of one metre of the conveying chains will receive a length-of 0.95 or 1.05 55 metres of the web of fabric inthe condition in understood from the following, examples.

which the fabric is at the time it is passed through the feeding device. In the first case, the fabric-is correspondingly stretched on its path from the feeding device to the conveying chains so that it obtains an increased length, this being fixed by the drying in the machine. In the second case, the fabrlc is placed in folds or creases between the pins of the conveying chains of the machine, as has been taught in the U. S. Patent Re. 17,269. The folds between the pins, i. e. the excess in length of the fabric relative to the space between two pins, which in' the example cited is 5 per cent, disappear due to the stretching widthwlse and to the drying, so that the fabric leaves the machine with a length which is 5 mr cent shorter than the length of the web in the condition in which it is passed through the feeding device.

By regulating the drive of the feeding device in dependence of the speed of the conveying chains of the machine, it is therefore possible to obtain changes in the length of the fabric within comparatively vast limits. But in many cases of actual practice this manner of speed regulation does not give a suitable basis for the proper treatment of thegoods, because the condition in which the goods pass through the feeding device is unhiown, as will be more clearly It is assumed that in the treatment of knitted rayon goods the length of a piece on leaving the loom be 50 in. and that the piece when finished should have a final length of only 40 m., for example on account of the desired finished dimensions of the meshes. It is further assumed that the piece is dyed, washed and centrifuged before being introduced into the tentering and drying machine. According to the kind of intermediate treatment the length of the piece has changed considerably. Yet, it is unknown how much the length has been changed by these treatments. Even if one would takethe trouble of measuring the whole length of the piece after the intermediate treatment, this would not give positive results since it is impossible to measure the goods correctly in the wet or damp condition in which they are before their introduction into the tentering machine. In measuring the length of damp goods same will be unavoidably subjected to a certain tension which causes a tem-' porary lengthening of the goods. For this reason, it might even become doubtful whether the piece has to be lengthened or shortened in the tentering machinefor attaining the desired final length of ii) in. If, nevertheless, continuously workingmachines, such as tentering and drying machines with a regulable feeding device are used for attainingpredetermined final dimensions, there is no guide whatever for correctly adjusting the ratio of speeds of the feed device and the conveying chains of the machine. It is therefore actually impossible to attain the desired final length, more particularly in mills where goods of various characters have to be treated. For this reason, manually handled tentering frames are even nowadays used for thetreatment of delicate fabrics, thus renouncing to the advantages of continuous working.

Also in cases in which the length of the piece can be measured before being taken up by the tentering machine or inwhich at least the proportion between the length of the piece before the tentering machine and the desired final length is known, no reliable guide or scale for adjusting the machine exists in connection with elastic fabrics, all textile fabrics being more or less elastic. It is assumed that the fabric has already been dried before it is passedto the tentering machine or the like and that on account .ject to changes in length before it enters the feeding device, because prior to being seized by driven rollers of the feeding device it must be passed over spreaders, brake bars and the like to make it suihciently smooth for being delivered to the tentering machine. The amount of variation in length depends on the elasticity and the unmeasurable tension to which the fabric is subjected in passing over the Spreaders, etc., so that again there is no reliable guide to properly adjust the relative speeds of the feeding device and the conveying chains of the machine.

The invention tends to obviate the said difliculties and-drawbacks. Instead of regulating the machine or/and the feeding device in dependence of the length of fabric for, attaining predetermined final dimensions of the latter, the invention contemplates regulating the machine or/and feed device in dependence of the amount of fabric supplied.

The method, according to the invention, for

the attainment of predetermined final dimensions of fabric webs treated in machines adapted to act on the dimensions of the web essentially consists in producing a current visual indication of the amount of fabric of the web to be treated while it is being fed to the machine and regu lating the ratio of speed between the feed of the fabric to'the machine and its forward movement in the machine in dependence of the current indication of the amount of fabric entering the feeding device in such a manner as to cause the feeding device to deliver a predetermined partial amount of fabric to the unit in length of the conveying means of the machine, so that the total amount of fabric of the web is equally distributed on a predetermined length of the conveying means of the machine.

The current indication of the amount of fabric may, according to the invention, be obtained by markings previously applied to the fabric web, for instance while in its rough condition, or by markings or signals which are currently released aiaaiee by the web entering the feeding devices in accordance with the amounts of fabrics successively taken up by this device.

The following two examples will show how by the method according to the invention predetermined final dimensions are obtained with absolute certainty. Example 1 It is again assumed that a piece of fabric coming from the loom with a length of 50 m. should 3 only have a length of 40 m. after its treatment in a tentering machine, which means that 1 m. of finished goods corresponds to 1.25 m. of rough goods. According to the invention, corresponding partial amounts of fabric are marked on the ,rough web, for instance by applying to the edge of the web at equal distances of 1.25 m. marks, suclr'as colored threads, which are well visible. Now, it is entirely irrelevant which changes in length the web undergoes during the treatments taking place between the loom and the tentering machine or during the introduction of web into the tentering machine. It is also immaterial whether the fabric. while being fed to the machine is more or less damp and therefore liable to distort. easily. With the spaced markings as a guide, it is only necessary to adjust the ratio of speed between the feeding device and the fabric conveying means of the machine in such a manner that the partial amount of fabric between two successive markings is received. by each metre of run of the conveying means of the machine. In the machine it can easily be ascertained whether or not the distance between 2 marks is equal to 1 metre, as desired. If this is not the case, the relative speed is changed correspondingly. It being thus attained that the space between 2 marks is covered by 1.25 m. of the 50 m. long fabric in rough condition, it is without any hearing how much the actual distance between two marks was during the delivery of the web to the machine, 1. e.,.during its introduction into the feedingdevice. In any case, the speed regulation adopted causes the partial'amount of fabric between 2 marks to be delivered to every one-metre run of the conveying chains of the machine, sov that the total. fabric amount of 50 m. is distributed with absolute accuracy on 40 m. of conveying chains with the result that the web leaves the machine with the predetermined length of 40 m. v

- Example? It is again assumed that a piece of rough fabric leaving the loom with a length of 50 m. should shrink in the finishing machine, such as a tentering machine. to a length of 40 m. Irrespective of the treatments performed between the loom and the machine, the fabric web before entering the feeding device is weighed on a weighing machine arranged at the intake end of the feeding device. If the weighing machine indicates for the stock of fabric placed on the same a weight of 4000 g.it being of no matter whether the fabric is more or less damp or whether it is dry and which is its momentary length-the desired final length of 40 m. will be securely attained if care is taken-that each onemetre run of conveying chain receives 4000 "ET- g.

of the fabric served to the feeding device. This means that the ratio of speed between thefeeding device and the conveying means of the if tentering machine is adjusted so as to cause the feeding device to feed from the weighing machine 100 g. of fabric to every metre of the conveying chains of the tentering machine. The decrease in weight of the stock of fabric is continuously made visible by current indications of the weighing machine, which thus permits a constant control as to whether or not the desired partial amount of fabric of 100 g. isregularly delivered to the length unite-1 m.-of the conveying chains. In this way it is infallibly attained that the fabric web which had a rough length of 50 m. is uniformly distributed on 40 .m. of the conveying chains of the tentering machine, so that the web leaves the latter with the predetermined length'of .40 m.

It will be within the scope of the invention to apply the above-said markings on the fabric in a semi-finished condition instead of in the rough condition, or on the threads of which the fabric is composed, the marks taking the form of graduations corresponding either to the conditionof the fabric at the moment, or to the desired condition when finished. If, for example, the fabric is to be marked in one-metre lengths, the distance between two such marks may correspond either to one metre in the rough, semi-finished or finished state. So far as the invention is concerned, it is immaterial whether the condition of the fabric in the finished state at the end of the final treatment, or at the end of any intermediate treatment, is taken as the determinative factor for the attainment I of definite dimensions. Diflerent kinds of marking may also be applied conjointly on the rough fabric, for example, so that the one set of markings serves as a measure for an intermediate treatment, and the other for a final treatment. Depending on requirements, the markings may be applied successively all along the piece, either on the length or the width, or only at single points, whether at the beginning or the end. These markings repre sank-independently of the changes the dimensions of the fabric may sustain in the meani time-an unalterable scale which, in conjunction .with space markings on the machine itself. enable the machine to be set correctly.

In order more clearly to understand the invention, reference is made to the accompanying 3 drawings which illustrate diagrammatically and by way of example, one embodiment thereof, and in which: Figs. 1 and 2 show the intake of a creasing frame, designed in accordance with the invention, in side elevation and plan, respectively, and in partial section, whilst Figs. 3 and 4 show an automatic control device, for a machine such as is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, in vertical and horizontal section, respectively." it According to Figs. 1 and 2, the web! to be treated is disposed on the platform of a. weighing machine 2, the pointer 4 of which (indicating the weight) travels in front of a round dial 3. The platform of the weighing machine 2 can 5 be interchangeably mounted, so that a fresh stock of fabric can be formed on a platform outside the machine whilst the stock on the weighing machine is being treated. Other auxiliary means for'facilitating continuous working may also be employed. The platform may also be arranged to accommodate calender rollers. The pointer d is mounted on a hollow shaft 5 actuated'by the weighbrldge. Through the hollow shaft 5 is passed the shaft 6 which carries a chain sprocket 5 B on the one end and, on the other, a set screw '9 for locking a second pointer I. By means of the chain gear' "I, II and control gear l2, the chain sprocket 8 is connected with the main shaft I3 driving the guide chains [4 of the tentering frame. The spreader rollers i5, I6 and the creasing device constituted by the feed rollers l1, l8 in conjunction with the porcupine roller l9, are also coupled with the main drive shaft l3 of the tentering frame by means of the chain gear 20, II and control gear 22. By temtance travelled by the stenter chains for the time being, and also the ratio between the stroke of the weighing machine platform 2 and the throw of the weight pointer d, are so. devised thatstarting from an identical position- -both pointers continue to coincide so'long as the fixed average amount of fabric is taken up per metre of stenter chains. For example, a movement of the pointer t through a distance of 1 cm. corresponds to a decrease of weight of 100 g. in the pile'of fabric, and a movement of 1 cm. in the case of the pointer 1 corresponds to a travel of 1 metre by the stenter chains. The coincident movement of the two pointers affords a guarantee that a uniform 100 g. of the material are being taken up per metre of stenter chains. However, sincedepending on the kind of fabric and the prescriptions laid down concerning the finishingthe weight, per metre, of the finished material is subject to considerable variation, the arrangement according to the invention is so designed gear If, the transmission ratio of which can be read ofi, for example, as 1. 2. 3. together with fractions. The numeral 1 may represent the fundamental mean, which implies that, in the present example, a movement of 1 cm. by the pointer 1 corresponds to an advance of the stenter chains through 1 metre. If 200 g. of fabric are to be taken up per metre of stenter chain, corresponding to a movement of 2 cm. by the pointer e, the pointer i may also be caused to move 2 cm. by setting the control gear to "2. If only 80 g. of wet fabric are to be conveyed, per metre run of the stenter chains,'corresponding to a throw of 0.8 cm. by the pointer t, then, by setting the control gear if to 0.8" the. pointer i will move through 0.8 cm. when the feed is being correctly performed. The setting of the control gear 12 is fundamentally independent of the speed of the main shaft l3 of the tentering frame, and therefore also of the speed of the stenter chains. It only determines the weight of fabric to be drawn in per metre run of stenter chain, irrespective of the absolute speed of the latter.

The herein described embodiment of the invention functions in the following manner:

The main drive of the machine is adjusted-b a control gear, not -shown--to the rate at which the stenter chains are intended to run, according tothe dimensions and driving capacity of the machine and the fabric under treatment. It also makes no .diiference if the main drive be set to a particularly low speed during the entry of the first metres of fabric. .On the basis of experience, the gear 22 controlling the drive of the feeding device, is roughly adjusted, for example, to a lead of 20 per cent. The gear l2 controlling the actuation of the speed pointer l, is set in accordance with the wet weight or amount of fabric to be drawn in per metre run of stenter chain, said weight being directly calculable from the weight of the entire piece and the required final. length in metres. The front end of the piece on the weighing machine is now passed, by hand, through the feed rollers of the intake section, or sawed on to a runner already on said section, and the machine is started. If the 20 per cent lead of the feeding device, in relation to the speed of the stenter chains, has been correctly estimated, the pointers t and i will continue to coincide, so that no further adjustment-will be needed. If, on the other hand, the lead adjustment was incorrect, the pointer 6, indicating the decreased weight on the weighing machine (1. e. the amount of fabric fed to the machine) will lag behind or run ahead of the pointer l indicating the travel of the conveyor chains. The lead of the feeding device will have to be modified accordingly,

ers 28, 29. The bow is mounted on the shaft 26,

which is turned by the pinion 40, through transmission gear (not shown) as the weighing platform rises and falls. The indicator recording the travel of the stenter chains is designed as a sectional plate 23, the segments 32, 33 and 34, 35 of which are connected with circuits which, on completion, set in operation the auxiliary motor of the control gear '22 (Fig. 1), in one or the other direction, of rotation. The segments 30,

3|, on the contrary, remain dead. The contact rollers 28, 29 of the weight indicator 21 are carried by the plate 23, which is fastened on the hollow shaft 24 by a collar and by the thread 38 and. the counter-thread 31 provided in the hand wheel 39'. The hollow shaft 24 is coupled to the main drive is of the machine by means of the driving wheel 25 and transmission (not shown) through the control gear l2.

In starting the machine, the contact rollers 28, 29 are in neutral position on the plate 23, that is to say, resting on the segments 3|, 30. If now.

the weight indicator 2! lags or leads in relation to the travel of the plate 23, the contact rollers will come either on to the segments 34, 35 or 32, 33, thereby accelerating or braking, the control gear 22 of the feeding device, until the contact rolers are again resting on the dead segments.

The design of the control means, and also in general, of the apparatus employed for carrying out the method of the present invention, may be varied as desired. For example, for the automatic control, wiping contacts may be replaced by any other control devices, such as light rays acting on photosensitive cells, and so forth. The drive for the spreader rollers l5, l6 may be-inarca es dependent of the drive for the feed rollers ll, id and porcupine roller is. The pair of spreader rollers may be replaced by two pairs arranged in such a manner that the fabric is stretched, in the longitudinal direction, between the two pairs.

The invention is also not restricted to a demte type of machine but is applicable to other machines than stenters, for example, to felting calenders, foulards, mercerizing, fulling machines and so forth, once it is realized that the invention fundamentally resides, in the case, for example, of fabric webs, the dimension of which are subjected to variation throughout their treatment, in simplifying or rendering automatic, the control of the amount of fabric to be drawn in per unit of the conveying or operative means, by providing an infallable scaleof measurement.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ls:-

l. A method of facilitating the attainment of predetermined final dimensions in the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through the treating machine, consisting in continuously feeding the web to a treating machine,-giving during this feeding cur.-

rent visual indications of the amount of fabric fed to the machine and adjusting the feeding speed relatively to the speed of forward movement of the web in the machine in dependence of the said visual indications in such a manner as to cause definite partial amounts of the fabric to be delivered to the unit in length of the conveying means of the machine, whereby the total amount of the fabric of the web is uniformly distributed on a predetermined length of the conveying means of the machine. I

2. A method of facilitating the attainment of predetermined final dimensions in the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying .means through a treating machine, consisting in providing the fabric web prior to its introduction into the treating machine with visual markings at regular intervals determinative of definite amounts of fabric of the web, feeding the web thus marked to the machine and regulating the feeding speed relatively to the speed of forward movement of the web in the machine in dependence of the said markings in 1 such a. manner as to cause the amount of fabric between each two markings to be delivered to the unit in length of the conveying means of the machine.

3. A method of facilitating the attainment of A predetermined final dimensions in the treatment 1 of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine, consisting in providing the fabric web with visual markings at regular intervals corresponding to 'partial units of the desired final dimensions, feeding the web thus marked to the machine and regulating the feeding 'speedrelatively to the speed of forward movement of the web in the machine in dependence of the said markings in t such a manner as to cause the amount of fabric between each two markings to be delivered to the unit in length of the conveying means of the machine.

4. A method of facilitating the attainment of 7 predetermined final dimensions in the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine, consisting in accumulatingthe fabric web in stock at the intake end'of the treating machine, feed- 7 ing the web from the stock to the machine, weighing the stock of fabric before and duringthe feeding to the machine, giving visual indications of the weight of thestock and its continuous decrease during the feeding, and regulating the feeding speed relatively to the forward movement of the web in the machine in dependence of the said .visual indications in such a manner as to cause equal partial amounts in weight of the fabric to be delivered to the units in length of the conveying means of the machine, whereby the total amount in weight of the fabric of the web is uniformly distributed on a predetermined length of the conveying means of the machine.

5. A method offacilitating. the attainment of predetermined final dimensions in the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine, consisting. in accumulating the fabric web in stockat the intake end of-the treating machine, feeding the web from the stock to the machine, weighing the stock of fabric before and during the feeding 'to the machine, giving visual indications of the weight of the stock and its continuous decrease during the feeding, giving continuous visual indications of the advance of the web conveying means in the machine, and var.- iably determining the amounts in weight of the fabric web to be delivered to the unit in length of the conveying means of the machine by regulating the feeding speed relatively to the speed of .the said conveying means.

6. A method of facilitating the attainment of predetermined final dimensions in' the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine, consisting in continuously feeding the web to the treating machine, giving during this feeding current visual indications of the amount of fabric fed to the machine, and relatively adjusting automatically the advance of the web conveying means of the treating machine and the amount of fabric delivered to the conveying means.

7. A method of facilitating the attainment of predetermined final dimensions inthe treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine,

consisting in accumulating the fabric web in stock at the intake end of the treating machine, feeding the web from the stock to the machine, weighing the-stock of fabric before and during the feeding to the machine, giving visual indications of the weight of the stock and its continuous decrease during the feeding, and relatively adjusting automatically the advance of the web conveying means of the treating machine and the amount of fabric delivered to the conveving means.

8. A method of facilitating the attainment of predetermined final dimensions in the treatment of fabrics in web-form designed to be passed by conveying means through a treating machine, consisting in accumulating the fabric web in stock at the intake end of the treating machine, feeding the web from the stock to the machine, weighing the stock of fabric before and during the feeding to the machine, giving visual indications of the weight of the stock and its continuous decrease during the feeding, and relatively adjusting automatically the advance of the web-conveying means of the treating machine and the amount of fabric delivered to the conveying means by controlling the feeding speed through the change in weight of the predisposed stock of fabric.

9. In combination with a machine for treating fabric webs, means for conveying the web through the machine, a device for feeding the web-to the said conveying means, a control gear for imparting to the feeding device a lead or leg relatively to the conveying means, a weigh-- bridge with a pointer at the entryend of the feeding device whereon to place the stock of fabmeans, a device for feeding the web to the said conveying means, a control gear for imparting to the feeding device a lead or lag relatively to the conveying means, a weighbridge with a pointer at the entry end of the feeding device whereon to place the stock of fabric web and from which to supplyit to the feeding device, a pointer in addition to the pointer of the weighbridge fo r cooperation therewith, transmission mechanism'between the drive of the conveying means of the machine and the last-said pointer for turning it in dependence of the advance movement of the conveying means, and a control gear between the drive of the conveying means and the pointer actuated through the same.

11. In combination with a machine for treating'fabric webs, endless chains for conveying the web'through the machine, a drive for the conveying chains, a web creasing frame at the entry end of the machine, web feed rollers ahead of the creasing frame, a control gear for imparting to the feed rollers a lead or lag relatively to the conveying chains, a weighbridge with a pointer in front of the feed rollers whereon to place the stock of fabric web and from which to supply it to the feed rollers, another pointer coaxial with but independent from the weighbridge pointer, and transmission mechanism between the drive of theconveying chains and the lastsaid pointer for turning it in dependence of the advance movement of the conveying chains.

12. In combination with a machine for treating fabric webs, endless chains for conveying the web through the machine, a drive for the conveying chains, a web creasing frame at the entry end of the machine, web feed rollers ahead of the creasing frame, a control gear for imparting to the feed rollers a lead or lag relatively to the conveying chains, a weighbridge with a pointer in front of the feed rollers whereon to place the stock of fabric web and from which to supply it to the feed rollers, another pointer coaxial with but independent from the weighbridge pointer, transmission mechanism between the drive of the conveying chains and the lastsaid pointer for turning it in dependence of the advance movement of the conveying chains, and a control gear between the drive of the conveying chains and the pointer actuated through the same.

13. .In combination with a machine for treating fabric webs, means for conveying the web through the machine, a drive for the conveying means, a .device for feeding the web to the conveying means, a control gear for imparting to the feeding device a lead or lag relatively to the conveying means, a weighbridge with a pointerfor the stock of fabric web ahead of the feeding awaits motor allotted to the first-said control gear and adapted to be controlled in either direction of rotation by deviations in the relative movements of the two pointers.

it. In combination with a machine for treating fabric webs, endless chains for conveying the web through the machine. a drive for the conveying chains, a web'creasing frame at the entry end of the machine, web feed rollers ahead of the creasing frame, a control gear for imparting to the feed rollers a. lead or leg relatively to the conveying chains, a weighbridge with a pointer in front of the feed rollers whereon to place the stock of fabric web and from which to supply it to the feed rollers, another pointer coaxial with but independent from the weighbridge pointer,

transmission mechanism between the drive oithe conveying chains and the last-said pointer for turning it in dependence of the advance movement of the conveying chains, another control gear between the ve of the conveying chains and the last-said pointer, and an electric usting motor allotted to the first-said control gear and adapted to be controlled in either direction of rotation by deviations in the relative movements of thetwo pointers.

15. In combination with a machine for treating fabric webs, endless chains for conveying the web through the machine, a drive for the conveying chains, web feed rollers ahead of the conveying chains, a control gear for imparting to the feed rollersa lead or lag relatively to the conveying chains, an electric adjusting motor for the said control gear, a weighbridge atthe intake end of the feed rollers whereon to place the stool: ofjabric web and from which to supply it to the feed rollers, a weight indicator on the weighbridge in the form of a rotatable bow carrying electric contact rollers, an indicator for ALOYS smons.

If 2'- on screen. 

